Martin J. Blaser
Director of the Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine
Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences
Martin J. Blaser holds the Henry Rutgers Chair of the Human Microbiome at Rutgers University, where he also serves as Professor of Medicine and Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, and as Director of the Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine. Previously, he served as Chair of the Department of Medicine at New York University. A physician and microbiologist, Dr. Blaser has been studying the relationships we have with our persistently colonizing bacteria. His work over 30 years focused on Campylobacter species and Helicobacter pylori, which also are model systems for understanding the interactions of residential bacteria with their hosts. Over the last 20 years, he has also been actively studying the relationship of the human microbiome with health and important diseases including asthma, obesity, diabetes, and cancer. Dr. Blaser has served as the advisor to many students, post-doctoral fellows, and junior faculty. He currently serves as Chair of the Presidential Advisory Council for Combating Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria (PACCARB). He holds 28 U.S. patents, and has authored over 600 original articles. He wrote Missing Microbes, a book targeted to general audiences, now translated into 20 languages.
Abstract
Perturbing the Early-life Microbiome Alters Development at a Critical Stage
For mammals, the acquisition of the residential microbiome essentially begins at birth with substantial maternal contributions. In humans, there is a well-choreographed microbiome assemblage developing over the first years of life, which is the critical time for metabolic, immunological, and cognitive development. However, babies are frequently exposed to agents and processes that can alter the normal trajectory. Epidemiological studies correlate early life antibiotic exposures with increased risks of inflammatory, metabolic, and neuro-psychiatric disorders. We have developed mouse models to examine causal relationships between early life antibiotic exposures and these conditions. Individually and together, these models provide experimental evidence that early life perturbations play causal roles in the development of abnormal phenotypes and illnesses that originate in early life. Understanding optimal features of restoration of the perturbed microbiota before irreversible damage is done is an important goal.